Python data types, collections, control flow and functions
Comprehensions, iterators and generators
Files, streams, CSV, JSON and log parsing
Modules, classes and reusable pipeline components
Type hints, docstrings and static-analysis awareness
Exceptions, retries, timeouts and error taxonomy
Context managers and safe resource handling
Dates, time zones, decimals and null handling
HTTP, REST APIs, pagination, rate limits and auth
Environment variables and secret-handling boundaries
Virtual environments, dependency locking and reproducible setup
Pytest, fixtures and deterministic unit tests
Logging and structured run metadata
Packaging and command-line entry points
Git branching, pull requests and review
Linux shell, files, permissions, processes and scheduling